What is Hysteroscopy?

Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedure used to examine the inside of the uterus. It involves inserting a thin, lighted tube called a hysteroscope through the vagina and cervix into the uterus to view the endometrial cavity in real time.

 

This procedure allows the gynaecologist to identify and often treat abnormalities such as fibroids, polyps, adhesions, or congenital uterine issues—without the need for open surgery.

 

This technique is commonly recommended for women with cervical dysplasia or precancerous changes detected during Pap smears or colposcopy. The goal is to destroy the abnormal cells so that healthy ones can grow in their place, reducing the risk of cervical cancer.

Conditions Treated or Diagnosed with Hysteroscopy

  • Uterine fibroids and polyps
  • Abnormal uterine bleeding
  • Intrauterine adhesions (Asherman’s Syndrome)
  • Septate uterus or congenital uterine anomalies
  • Recurrent miscarriage investigations
  • Retained products of conception
  • Removal of intrauterine devices (IUDs)

When Should You Consider a Hysteroscopy?

A hysteroscopy may be recommended if you experience:

  • Heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding
  • Bleeding between periods or after menopause
  • Difficulty conceiving or recurrent pregnancy loss
  • Need for evaluation before IVF or fertility treatment
  • Suspected uterine abnormalities seen on ultrasound
  • Removal or confirmation of retained tissue after miscarriage

Procedure Overview & Follow-Up

  • Often performed under short general, spinal, or local anesthesia
  • Usually done as a day-care procedure in a sterile hospital setting
  • A thin hysteroscope is inserted through the cervix to inspect and treat the uterine lining
  • Duration ranges from 15 to 45 minutes, depending on whether treatment is needed
  • Most women experience only mild cramping or spotting and recover in 1–2 days
  • Minimal downtime and quicker healing compared to traditional surgery

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is hysteroscopy painful?

Most women feel only mild discomfort. With local or general anesthesia, pain is minimal or absent during the procedure.

It can be both. Hysteroscopy is often used to treat problems like fibroids or adhesions at the same time they’re diagnosed.

It is considered very safe when performed by experienced specialists. Complications are rare and usually minor.

Yes, hysteroscopy is frequently used in fertility evaluations and to treat conditions that may be preventing conception.

Refrain from heavy physical activity, sexual intercourse, and using tampons for a few days or as advised by your doctor.

Light spotting or discharge for a day or two is normal. If bleeding becomes heavy, it’s best to contact your doctor.